Exhaust muffler



June 2, 1925.

1,539,967 C. G. STOCKTON EXHAUST MUFFLER Filed March 31, 1925 4Sheets-Sheet l ,1 I I M I 1 ATTORNEYS,

C. G. STOCKTON June 2, 1925,

EXHAUST MUFFLER Filed March 31, 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 m IVENQTOATTo'RNEYs.

C. G. STOCKTON EXHAUST MUFFLER Filed March 31. 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 5VENTR w 4 ,1, 1

ATTORNEY June' 5- 1,539,967

C. G. STOCKTON EXHAUST MUFFLER "Filed March 51, 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 m9% '4 v I 61AM ATTOR N EYS PatentedjJune 2, 925' UNITED STATES PATE TOFFICE.

G. meg-m, or ocmrrchova, m'w JERSEY.

i p mans! lmrrm lencer for the exhaust of an internal combustionengine.

\ The prima object ofthe invention is to provide a m of thetype in whichthe exhaust gases are divided into 'a plurality of jets which are upenand counteract each ying a novel and improved caused to impin other andembod construction and arrangement of passages for dividing the exhaustgases, reducing the -1ng them into the atmosphere with a minimumof'noise, back pressure and vibration oftheengine. I i

' Further objects are to provide a mufller i of this character whichcannot become Tv loaded or backfire and which will clean itself and willnot collect soot; to rovide 1' such a muflier which is small, hght' inweight and simple and inexpensive in con- I 3Q's truction, and to obtainother results and advantages as may be brought .out by the i followingdescri tion. 7

Referring to e accompanying drawin in which like numerals of referencein cate the same parts'throughout the several views, i

Figure l'is embod 'myinvention showing the same ap li to an exhaustpipe;

igure 2 is an enlarged to a partially in section, of the m er;

Figure 3 is a vertical longitudinal sec- Figure 7 is a side elevationpartially in section of the jet forming member of the inlet pipe;

Fi form of jet forming member; s

' Figure 9 is a vertical longitudinal secressure and velocity thereofand discharg a side elevation of a muflier plan view,

gure 8 is a similar view of *a modified Application med larch 31, ms.Serial Io. 029,030.

tional view through a modified construction of the mufller taken on theline 9- of Fig. 15;

Figure 10 is adetached perspective view of the jet forming member of themodified construction of mufller;

Figure 11 is a view similar'to Fi 4 of the inlet pipe of-the modifiedmuflfier;

Figure 12 is aisimilar view with the jet forming member removed;-

Flgure 13 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view taken on the line1313 of or of the character described,

lgure 14 1s a transverse sectional view taken on theline 14-14 of Fig.13;

Figure 15 is an end view of the outlet end of the modified mufller;

Figure 16 isa side elevation of said mufller, and j Figure 17 is an endview of the inlet e111.

of the same:

. The "muiiler consists in general of an ililet pipe'divided into aplurality of oppositely disposed substantially parallel longitudinalchambers communicating at one end with 1 the exhaust pipe of the engine,said chambers being spaced to provide passages therebetween-transverseof said pipe and eachhaving at least-one wall thereof opposite.

one wall of another and formed with a plurality of openings eachopposite a corres nding ,ope'ning of said wall of another c amber andcommunicating with one of said transverse passages, said openingsdividing the exhaust gases of the engine into a pluralityof jets; Anoutlet casing is mounted'upon and surrounds said inlet pipe 7 so asto'form an annular passage between said casing and said inlet pipe andhas a plurality of circumferentially spaced longitudinal outlet passagescommunicating with said annular passage throughout their lengths, said'longitudinal passages of the casing having a staggered relation to saidtransverse passages and opening into the atmosphere at a point remotefrom the inlet end of said inlet pipe, also gradual] increasing incarrying capacity tower the outlet end.

The exhaust gases enter said chambers of the inlet pipe, pass throughsaid openings in jets and impinge upon or counteract the jets from opos'ing openings, thereupon passing throu said transverse passages of theinlet pipe between said chambers into said annular passage and then intosaid outand discharge the gases into the atmosphere at a comparativelylow pressure and velocy- In the embodiment oi the invention shown inFigures 1-8' inclusive the reference character 1 designates the inletpipe of the muf-p fler which is closed at one end as at 2 and adapted tobe connected at the other end as at 3 to the exhaust m of an internalcombustion engine. he said pipe 1 is di-' vided into two oppositelydisposed substantially parallel longitudinal chambers 4 which are spacedapart on substantially a diametric plane of the pipe to provide a'passage 5 between them extending transversely of the pipe. Said chamberscommunicate at one end with the pipe 1 to 'receive the exhaust gasesfrom the exhaust pipe E, and the wall of each chamber opposite theadjacent wall of the other chamher is provided with a plurality of jetopenings 6 which communicate with the transverse passage 5.Communication between said passage 5 and the pipe-1 is only through thesaid openings 6, and each of 'said openings is disposed directlyopposite a corresponding opening in the other chamber.

For convenience in construction, the chambers 5 may be formed 'by a pairof spaced plates 7 connected at their ends and projecting throughdiametrically opposite slots 8 in the walls of the pipe 1.- It will beunderstood, however, that any other suitable construction may beutilized. The closed end of the pipe 1 is also preferably beveled asshown so as to provide inclined end walls at acute angles to thedirection of flow of the gases through the openings 6.

The pipe 1 is surrounded by and carries an outlet casing 9 whichencloses the transverse passage 5 and forms an annular passage 10between itself and the pipe 1, said casing being formed withdiametrically opposite longitudinal passages 11 which communicate withthe annular passage 10 throughout their length and open into theatmosphere at points remote from the inlet end of the pipe 1. The saidpassages 11 are arranged in staggered relation to the passage 5 andgradually increase in carrying capacity toward the outlet end. In thepresent instance said casing is shown as formed with a substantiallycylindrical body portion 12 concentric with the pipe 1 with flattenedfin-shaped lateral projections 13 which form the passages 11. Formounting the casing on the inlet pipe, I may form the inner end of thecasing with a reduced collar 14 to tightly fit the pipe 1 and rovide setscrews 15 for preventing longitu inal movc- Said beveled portions 16also form a slotlike passage substantially a continuation oi thepassages 11.

.In the operation of the mufller, the exhaust gases pass into the pipe 1and are divided by the two chambers 4. The gases then pass'atsubstantially right angles to their original direction of movementthrough the openings 6 in the form of jets each of which impinges uponor counteracts the jet from the corresponding opening in the otherchamber. The velocity o fthe ases is thus decreased, and the gases thenow through the passage 5 in both directions into the annular passage 10,through said passage and into the longitudinal outlet passages 11 of theoutlet casing. L The annular passage 10 and the passages 11 permitgradual expansion of the gases and consequent reduction in pressurethereof so that they are discharged from the passages 11 at acomparatively ow pressure and velocity.

The opening 6 may be circular in shape as shown in Figures 1-7inclusive, or may be slots 18, as shown in Figure 8.

' In Figures 9-17 inclusive a. modified construction of mufller isshown. In this form of the invention the inlet pipe 20 is divided intofour substantially parallel longitudinal passages 21 which communicateat one end with the pipe 1 to receive the exhaust gases from the engine.Each passage 21 is formed with two substantially radial walls 22 whichare arranged in spaced and opposed relation to corresponding walls ofadjacent chambers, said walls being formed with openings 23 similar tothe openings 6 each of which is arranged substantially directly oppositea corresponding openin in the op sed wall of the adjacent cham er. Thesald chambers are arranged inspaced relation so as to form a pluralityof transverse passages 24 therebetween, each of which communicates withthe openings 23 in. two of the chambers 21.

An outlet casing 25 is mounted on the inlet pipe 20 and provides anannular space 26 between itself and said pipe, said outlet casing beingformed with four longitudinal passages 27 each communicating throughoutits length with the annular passage 26 and opening into the atmosphereat a point remote from the inlets of the chambers 21.

Said passages 27 are arranged in staggered crease in carrying capacitytoward their out- 30 let ends.

a In this forin of the invention the walls 22 of the chambers maybecarried by a cap '28 adapted toclom the outer end of the in 'let pipe 1,said walls being connected at' their 5 inner ends and adapted to fit inslots '29 formed in the walls of the inlet pipef and extendingthroughthe end thereof, as clear-' i 1y shown in F iguresl'l and 12. Thesum is substantially the same as lthe o ration same result.

, without appreciable of the muflier shown in Figures 1- inclusive, thegases. entering the four chambers '21, passing through the openings 23and impinging in the-passages 24, thereupon pass ing into the annularpassage. 26 and thence into the longitudinal outlet passages 27 of theoutlet casing. a 1

One main advantage of-this construction is that it is possible tomake-the mufiler about I half the length of the mufller shown in Figures 1 and yet obtain substantially the Both forms of the inufiler my beconven ientl formed "ofsheetvmetal, are light in weig t and simple andinexpensive in construction; and mufiers embodying the invention havebeen foundto reduce the noise incident to the exhaust to a minimumressure or vibration of the engine. It iS'llIl ble for the mufllers tobecome loaded or back-fire, and nosoot caneollect in the'mufller due tothe. fact that there are no pockets therein and the direction of travelofthe' gasesis alwa s substantially parallel to the walls of t erespective passa While I have s own the mufller embod in certain detailsof construction, it wil .be' understood that this is only for thepurpose of illustrating-the principles of the invention and that many-modifications. and changes canbe'made in these details with outdepartin ghfrom the s irit or sco of the inventlon. erefore, do not wishto be understood as restricting myself except as required by thefollowing. claims when construed in the light of the prior art.

- Having thus escribed the invention, what Iclaimis: v 1. A mufllercomprising an inlet pipe having a plurality of oppositely disposedspaced chambers providm passages therebetween transverse of sai inletpipe, each of said chambers being ada ted 'to receive" exhaust gases atone end an being formed in its wall opposite a wallof an adjacent,

chamber with a plurality of openings communicating with the one ofsaidpassages between said adjacent chambers, each of said openings beingI corresponding 'opemng m adjacent .inlet pipe.@ F

2. A mufller comprising an inlet pipe having a pluralityof oppositelydisposed spaced a pipe spaced d p s a p chamber, and an outlet casingsurrounding saidinlet pipe in spaced relation thereto to of outletopenings communicating .with said annular passage and arranged instaggered relation to said transve e passages of the longitudinalchambers providing assages 'therebetween transverse of said i et pipe,

each of said chambers being adapted to re-.

ceive exhaust gases at one end and being formedin its wall opposite awall of an adjacent chamber with a plurality of openingscommunicatingwith' the one' of said passages between said adjacentchambers,

each of said openings being disposed opposite a corresponding opening111 the adjacent Y chamber, and an outlet casing surrounding said inletpipe in spaced relation thereto to form an annular passage between 'saidinlet and said casing-communicating with said transverse passages of theinlet pi said casing being formed with a. plurahty of longitudinalpassages communicating throughout their lengths with said annularpassage and opening into the'atmosphere at ints remote from the inletsof said cham rs, said passages increasing in carrying capacity towardtheir outlet ends. 7 h 3. A mufiler comprising an inlet pipe having alurality of oppositely disposed therebetween transverse of said inletpipe, each of said chambers being,

adapted to receive exhaust gasesfat one end openings communicating'withthe one of said passages between said adjacent chambers, each of saidopenings being disposed v op its a cor nding opening in the adizh entchamber, and an outlet casin surrounding said inlet pipe in spacedreation .thereto to form an annular passage between said inlet pipe andsaid casing communicatin' with said transverse passagesof the.

, in ct ipe, said casin being formed with a mg through the walls thereofeach of said ongitudinal chambers providing 1 g and being formed in itswall opposite a wall 'of-an ad acent chamber with a plurality ofchambers provided in its wall opposite a wall of an adjacent chamberwith openm disposed at substantiall right angles to said chamber and theoneo sard transverse pas sages between said adjacent chambers andcommunicating with said passage, each of said openings being disposedsubstantially opposite an opening in t e'said wall of the adjacentchamber, and an outlet casing including a body portion surrounding saidinlet pipe in spaced relation thereto to form an annular passage betweensaid body portion and said pipe, said casing being provided withfin-shaped lateral projections 'foi'ming longitudinal outlet passagescom municating throughout their lengths with said annular passage andopening into the atmosphere at points remote from the inlets of saidchambers of the inlet pipe. i

5. A mufiler comprising an inlet pipe closed at one end and divided intoa p urality of longitudinal chambers spaced on diametrio planes of saidpipe to provide passages transverse of said pipe and opening through thewalls thereof each of said chambers provided in its wall opposite a wallof an adjacent chamber with openings disposed at substantiallyrightangles to said chamber and the one of said transversepassages betweensaid adjacent chambers and communicating with said passage, each of saidopenings being disposed substantially opposite an opening in the saidwall of the adjacent chamber,-and an outlet casing including a bodyportion surrounding said'at inlet pipe in spaced relation thereto toform an annular passage between'said body portion and said pipe, saidcasing being rovided with fin-shaped lateral projectionsforming lonitudinal outlet passages com- "40 municating t roughout their lengthswith said annular passage and opening into the atmosphere at pointsremote from the inlets of said chambers of the onlet pipe, said out- 1let passaes increasing in carrying capacity toward t eir outlet ends.

ems. e. STOCKTON.

